Learning

What is an A1C Test?

blood-collection-1949258_1280So for many years I tried to hide the fact that I knew my blood sugar was elevated after fasting overnight. (In other words, after I wake up.)  I’d eat no sugar the day before I had a physical at the doctor’s office where I knew they would draw blood and ask for a urine sample.  I’d take cinnamon to hopefully make my numbers look better, although that is highly debated as to its affect on sugar.  For years I felt I outsmarted being told I was diabetic.  Ridiculous thinking, really.  I’m not proud of it!

THEN a couple of years ago, the doctor ordered an A1C test.  It basically gives a several month average of your sugar levels.  It does this by measuring how the hemoglobin protein in your blood is coated with sugar.  I couldn’t hide my high blood sugar any longer!

A1C levels are reflected as a percent usually from 5 to 14%. 5% being in the normal range. 6% in the pre-diabetic range.  Anything above 5% … you need to work on!  The higher your A1C percent, the higher the chance for diabetes complications.

It is a good gauge on how well the diabetes is being managed.  And you can’t hide your numbers, so don’t try!

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What Exactly is Diabetes?

diabetes-1326964_960_720There are different types of diabetes.  I happened to get late onset diabetes known as Type 2, as has been the same for each woman up through my maternal line for generations.  Both of my sisters have Type 2 as well.  A relative had gestational diabetes.

In non-medical terms, diabetes is basically where your body cannot regulate the glucose that energizes your body and brain.  The things you eat and drink with carbohydrates and sugars make the glucose or glycogen. Your pancreas helps regulate the sugars.  At the cellular level, cells become resistant to insulin and your pancreas can’t make enough insulin to counteract what’s going on.  The sugar doesn’t move to cells to be used for energy and winds up dumping into your bloodstream.  Voila! “High Blood Sugar”.

When you have too much sugar in your blood and it remains consistently high, you can be pre-diabetic or an outright diabetic.

There are different reasons why your glucose could be high or even low.

  1. It could be what you eat and/or drink.
  2. It could be dysfunction or disease of the body.
  3. It could be a combination of both 1 & 2.

There are a couple of ways your diabetes treatment can go.  (Which should always always be managed by a licensed medical professional: your doctor, or even better… a specialist in diabetes.)

  1. Regulate your food and drink by lowering your carbohydrate intake. (Add exercise in there.)
  2. Be regulated by medication.
  3. Be regulated by insulin shots or pumps.
  4. It will likely be a combination of both 1 & 2 unless caught early.  3 will come into play if your willpower to lower your carbs or your pancreas needs help.

To understand the difference between the different types of diabetes you can read more at these links:
American Diabetes Association – Diabetes Basics
Mayo Clinic – Diabetes

Remember to discuss diabetes with your doctor!

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How do you Know if you Have Diabetes?

the-human-body-1279964_960_720 (1)Diabetes is only diagnosed by a doctor. However, you may have symptoms or can test your own sugar if you are suspicious that you might have it.  Always discuss these symptoms or tests with your doctor!

There are different symptoms you can pick up on if you think you might be diabetic.

  • Increased hunger
  • Frequent urination
  • Yeast infections (you women know what I am talking about!).
  • Fatigue
  • Irritability
  • Blurry vision

To name a few… there are more so check out the link at the bottom of the page to see them all.

One item that caught my attention is that my vision kept getting blurry.  Sure I was a little tired and maybe I’ll admit to some irritability, but I figure I was just getting older or had over-worked myself.  I missed the signs!

Also, if you have a family history of diabetes or think that any of the symptoms might be pre-diabetes or diabetes, go get a blood glucose meter at your local pharmacy.  It is simple to use with the included instructions but you can always ask your pharmacist for instructions on how to use them too if it is easier for you to learn that way.

Generally you want your blood glucose meter to read:

  • between 80 and 120 if you are 59 or younger without an underlying medical condition
  • between 100 and 140 if you are over 60 or have an underlying medical condition

Your doctor would have to outline any medical conditions.


To understand what some of the symptoms are you can read more at these links:
American Diabetes Association – Diabetes Symptoms
American Diabetes Association – Diagnosis
Mayo Clinic – Diabetes Symptoms
Mayo Clinic – Blood Sugar Testing

Discuss diabetes with your doctor!

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